SubGHz networks: the key to robust wireless communication over long distances

Over the past year, we have conducted in-depth research into current technologies within SubGHz networks. SubGHz communication have been around for a long time, using frequencies below 1 GHz, such as 433 MHz and 868 MHz. This technology is mainly chosen for its ability to transmit data over long distances, even in complex environments with many obstacles, such as buildings. We explored the latest possibilities to make our controller solutions even more powerful and future-proof.

SubGHz versus WiFi and Bluetooth

SubGHz differs from well-known technologies such as WiFi and Bluetooth in several ways:

• Frequency band: SubGHz operates below 1 GHz, while WiFi uses 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, and Bluetooth sits on the 2.4 GHz ISM band.
• Range: SubGHz offers a much longer range, ideal for use in buildings and urban environments. WiFi and Bluetooth are better suited for local communication within smaller spaces.
• Data rate: SubGHz has lower data rates, making it less suitable for bandwidth-intensive applications. WiFi offers higher speeds making it definitely suitable for internet access and data-intensive applications, while Bluetooth offers an intermediate solution and is more recommended for connecting devices within a short distance.

Research on platforms

During our research, we evaluated several platforms. Each platform offers unique advantages in terms of energy efficiency, protocol flexibility and robustness in communication, making them more or less suitable for implementing SubGHz networks.

Communication protocols and mesh networks

For the different process platforms, we also analysed the support of various communication protocols, such as Wi-SUN, TI SimpleLink, OpenThread and Zephyr, and explored their mesh networking capabilities. Mesh networks increase communication coverage and reliability by connecting multiple nodes, providing a robust and resilient network that can withstand failure of individual nodes.

Conclusion: innovative applications with SubGHz

SubGHz networks offer significant advantages, such as reliable communication over long distances and excellent performance in environments with obstacles (including urban environments). Although data rates are slower than WiFi, the ability to set up independent mesh networks makes this technology particularly attractive. This is especially useful for applications where reliability and coverage are more important than pure speed.

E.D.&A. is currently applying this technology in various controller solutions, some of which are already in the final stages. We no longer have to rely on existing infrastructures, such as private or corporate Wi-Fi networks to ensure the reliable communication of our custom-made electronics in the customer's machines or devices.

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